diff --git a/lib/providers/image_provider.dart b/lib/providers/image_provider.dart
index 261ff7c..ec6aec3 100644
--- a/lib/providers/image_provider.dart
+++ b/lib/providers/image_provider.dart
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ class ImageSession {
   final int width;
   final int height;
   final List<ImagePacket?> fragments; // indexed by fragment.index
+  DateTime? firstFragmentAt;
+  DateTime? lastFragmentAt;
 
   ImageSession({
     required this.sessionId,
@@ -25,6 +27,21 @@ class ImageSession {
   int get receivedCount => fragments.where((f) => f != null).length;
   bool get isComplete => receivedCount == total;
 
+  Duration? estimateRemaining() {
+    if (isComplete) return Duration.zero;
+    if (firstFragmentAt == null || lastFragmentAt == null) return null;
+    if (receivedCount < 2) return null;
+
+    final elapsedMs = lastFragmentAt!
+        .difference(firstFragmentAt!)
+        .inMilliseconds;
+    if (elapsedMs <= 0) return null;
+    final avgMsPerFragment = elapsedMs / (receivedCount - 1);
+    final remaining = total - receivedCount;
+    if (remaining <= 0) return Duration.zero;
+    return Duration(milliseconds: (avgMsPerFragment * remaining).round());
+  }
+
   /// Reassemble the complete image bytes, or null if any fragment is missing.
   Uint8List? get imageBytes => reassembleImage(fragments);
 }
@@ -62,6 +79,8 @@ class ImageProvider with ChangeNotifier {
   bool isComplete(String sessionId) =>
       _sessions[sessionId]?.isComplete ?? false;
   bool hasOutgoing(String sessionId) => _outgoing.containsKey(sessionId);
+  Duration? estimateRemainingTransferTime(String sessionId) =>
+      _sessions[sessionId]?.estimateRemaining();
 
   List<int> missingFragmentIndices(String sessionId) {
     final session = _sessions[sessionId];
@@ -94,7 +113,13 @@ class ImageProvider with ChangeNotifier {
 
     final session = _sessions[fragment.sessionId]!;
     if (fragment.index < session.total) {
+      final wasMissing = session.fragments[fragment.index] == null;
       session.fragments[fragment.index] = fragment;
+      if (wasMissing) {
+        final now = DateTime.now();
+        session.firstFragmentAt ??= now;
+        session.lastFragmentAt = now;
+      }
     }
 
     final justComplete = session.isComplete;
diff --git a/lib/providers/voice_provider.dart b/lib/providers/voice_provider.dart
index 2861bdb..1101a25 100644
--- a/lib/providers/voice_provider.dart
+++ b/lib/providers/voice_provider.dart
@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ class VoiceSession {
   final VoicePacketMode mode;
   final int total;
   final List<VoicePacket?> packets; // indexed by packet.index
+  DateTime? firstPacketAt;
+  DateTime? lastPacketAt;
 
   VoiceSession({
     required this.sessionId,
@@ -23,6 +25,19 @@ class VoiceSession {
   int get receivedCount => packets.where((p) => p != null).length;
   bool get isComplete => receivedCount == total;
 
+  Duration? estimateRemaining() {
+    if (isComplete) return Duration.zero;
+    if (firstPacketAt == null || lastPacketAt == null) return null;
+    if (receivedCount < 2) return null;
+
+    final elapsedMs = lastPacketAt!.difference(firstPacketAt!).inMilliseconds;
+    if (elapsedMs <= 0) return null;
+    final avgMsPerPacket = elapsedMs / (receivedCount - 1);
+    final remaining = total - receivedCount;
+    if (remaining <= 0) return Duration.zero;
+    return Duration(milliseconds: (avgMsPerPacket * remaining).round());
+  }
+
   /// Total estimated audio duration in seconds (sum of all received packets).
   double get estimatedDurationSeconds {
     var ms = 0;
@@ -93,6 +108,8 @@ class VoiceProvider with ChangeNotifier {
 
   bool hasOutgoingSession(String sessionId) =>
       _outgoingSessions.containsKey(sessionId);
+  Duration? estimateRemainingTransferTime(String sessionId) =>
+      _sessions[sessionId]?.estimateRemaining();
 
   List<int> missingPacketIndices(String sessionId) {
     final session = _sessions[sessionId];
@@ -120,7 +137,13 @@ class VoiceProvider with ChangeNotifier {
 
     final session = _sessions[packet.sessionId]!;
     if (packet.index < session.total) {
+      final wasMissing = session.packets[packet.index] == null;
       session.packets[packet.index] = packet;
+      if (wasMissing) {
+        final now = DateTime.now();
+        session.firstPacketAt ??= now;
+        session.lastPacketAt = now;
+      }
     }
 
     final justComplete = session.isComplete;
diff --git a/lib/widgets/messages/image_message_bubble.dart b/lib/widgets/messages/image_message_bubble.dart
index fd37445..1244b1f 100644
--- a/lib/widgets/messages/image_message_bubble.dart
+++ b/lib/widgets/messages/image_message_bubble.dart
@@ -60,6 +60,9 @@ class _ImageMessageBubbleState extends State<ImageMessageBubble> {
       builder: (context, imageProvider, _) {
         final session = imageProvider.session(envelope.sessionId);
         final isComplete = imageProvider.isComplete(envelope.sessionId);
+        final eta = imageProvider.estimateRemainingTransferTime(
+          envelope.sessionId,
+        );
 
         if (_isRequesting && isComplete) {
           WidgetsBinding.instance.addPostFrameCallback((_) {
@@ -112,6 +115,7 @@ class _ImageMessageBubbleState extends State<ImageMessageBubble> {
                     radioCr: radioCr,
                     error: _errorText,
                     isSentByMe: widget.isSentByMe,
+                    eta: eta,
                   ),
                   style: TextStyle(
                     fontSize: 11,
@@ -374,6 +378,7 @@ class _ImageMessageBubbleState extends State<ImageMessageBubble> {
     required int? radioCr,
     required String? error,
     required bool isSentByMe,
+    required Duration? eta,
   }) {
     final txEstimate = estimateImageTransmitDuration(
       fragmentCount: envelope.total,
@@ -386,7 +391,10 @@ class _ImageMessageBubbleState extends State<ImageMessageBubble> {
     final txEstimateLabel = _formatTransmitEstimate(txEstimate);
 
     if (error != null) return error;
-    if (isRequesting) return '📥 Loading… $received/$total · $txEstimateLabel';
+    if (isRequesting) {
+      final etaLabel = _formatEta(eta);
+      return '📥 Loading… $received/$total · $etaLabel · $txEstimateLabel';
+    }
     if (isComplete) {
       final base =
           '🖼️ ${envelope.width}×${envelope.height} ${envelope.format.label}';
@@ -404,6 +412,14 @@ class _ImageMessageBubbleState extends State<ImageMessageBubble> {
     return '~${minutes}m ${seconds}s tx';
   }
 
+  static String _formatEta(Duration? eta) {
+    if (eta == null || eta <= Duration.zero) return 'ETA --';
+    if (eta.inSeconds < 60) return 'ETA ~${eta.inSeconds}s';
+    final minutes = eta.inMinutes;
+    final seconds = eta.inSeconds % 60;
+    return 'ETA ~${minutes}m ${seconds}s';
+  }
+
   void _showFullScreen(BuildContext context, Uint8List imageBytes) {
     showGeneralDialog<void>(
       context: context,
diff --git a/lib/widgets/messages/voice_message_bubble.dart b/lib/widgets/messages/voice_message_bubble.dart
index f88494f..ac3a79e 100644
--- a/lib/widgets/messages/voice_message_bubble.dart
+++ b/lib/widgets/messages/voice_message_bubble.dart
@@ -102,6 +102,7 @@ class _VoiceMessageBubbleState extends State<VoiceMessageBubble> {
           radioCr: radioCr,
         );
         final txEstimateLabel = _formatTransmitEstimate(txEstimate);
+        final eta = voiceProvider.estimateRemainingTransferTime(voiceId);
 
         return Row(
           mainAxisSize: MainAxisSize.min,
@@ -175,6 +176,7 @@ class _VoiceMessageBubbleState extends State<VoiceMessageBubble> {
                     requestingLabel: AppLocalizations.of(
                       context,
                     )!.requestingVoice,
+                    eta: eta,
                   ),
                   style: TextStyle(
                     fontSize: 11,
@@ -378,11 +380,12 @@ class _VoiceMessageBubbleState extends State<VoiceMessageBubble> {
     required bool isRequesting,
     required String? errorText,
     required String requestingLabel,
+    required Duration? eta,
   }) {
     if (errorText != null) return errorText;
     final progress = total > 0 ? ' ($received/$total)' : '';
     if (isRequesting) {
-      return '$requestingLabel$progress · $txEstimateLabel';
+      return '$requestingLabel$progress · ${_formatEta(eta)} · $txEstimateLabel';
     }
     if (!isComplete && total > 0) {
       return '🎙️ $durationLabel · $modeLabel$progress · $txEstimateLabel';
@@ -462,6 +465,14 @@ class _VoiceMessageBubbleState extends State<VoiceMessageBubble> {
     final seconds = value.inSeconds % 60;
     return '~${minutes}m ${seconds}s tx';
   }
+
+  static String _formatEta(Duration? eta) {
+    if (eta == null || eta <= Duration.zero) return 'ETA --';
+    if (eta.inSeconds < 60) return 'ETA ~${eta.inSeconds}s';
+    final minutes = eta.inMinutes;
+    final seconds = eta.inSeconds % 60;
+    return 'ETA ~${minutes}m ${seconds}s';
+  }
 }
 
 /// Voice waveform rendered as a row of bars.